IndependentNegotiationsAgent

class scml.scml2020.IndependentNegotiationsAgent(*args, negotiator_type=<class 'negmas.sao.AspirationNegotiator'>, negotiator_params=None, horizon=5, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: scml.DoNothingAgent

Implements the base class for agents that negotiate independently with different partners.

These agents do not take production capacity, availability of materials or any other aspects of the simulation into account. They are to serve only as baselines.

Parameters
  • negotiator_type (Union[SAONegotiator, str]) – The type of the negotiator to use. The default is AspirationNegotiator

  • negotiator_params (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) – key-value pairs to pass to the constructor of negotiators

  • horizon – The number of production step to handle together using a single set of negotiations. See step for details

Remarks:

  • IndependentNegotiationsAgent agents assume that each production process has one input type with the same

    index as itself and one output type with one added to the index (i.e. process $i$ takes product $i$ as input and creates product $i+1$ as output.

  • It does not assume that all lines have the same production cost (it uses the average cost though).

  • It does not assume that the agent has a single production process.

Attributes Summary

accepted_negotiation_requests

A list of negotiation requests sent to this agent that are already accepted by it.

awi

Gets the Agent-world interface.

id

The unique ID of this entity

initialized

Was the agent initialized (i.e.

name

A convenient name of the entity (intended primarily for printing/logging/debugging).

negotiation_requests

A list of the negotiation requests sent by this agent that are not yet accepted or rejected.

requested_negotiations

The negotiations currently requested by the agent.

running_negotiations

The negotiations currently requested by the agent.

short_type_name

Returns a short name of the type of this entity

type_name

Returns the name of the type of this entity

unsigned_contracts

All contracts that are not yet signed.

uuid

The unique ID of this entity

Methods Summary

checkpoint(path[, file_name, info, …])

Saves a checkpoint of the current object at the given path.

checkpoint_info(file_name)

Returns the information associated with a dump of the object saved in the given file

confirm_exogenous_sales(quantities, unit_prices)

Called to confirm the amount of guaranteed sales the agent is willing to accept

confirm_exogenous_supplies(quantities, …)

Called to confirm the amount of guaranteed supplies the agent is willing to accept

confirm_production(commands, balance, inventory)

Called just before production starts at every time-step allowing the agent to change what is to be produced in its factory

create(*args, **kwargs)

Creates an object and returns a proxy to it.

create_negotiation_request(issues, partners, …)

Creates a new NegotiationRequestInfo record and returns its ID

create_ufun(is_seller[, issues, outcomes])

Creates a utility function

from_checkpoint(file_name[, return_info])

Creates an object from a saved checkpoint

from_config(config[, section, …])

Creates an object of this class given the configuration info

init()

Initializes the agent by finding the average production cost.

init_()

Called to initialize the agent after the world is initialized.

negotiator(is_seller[, issues, outcomes])

Creates a negotiator

notify(notifiable, notification)

on_contract_breached(contract, breaches, …)

Called after complete processing of a contract that involved a breach.

on_contract_cancelled(contract, rejectors)

Called whenever at least a partner did not sign the contract

on_contract_cancelled_(contract, rejectors)

Called whenever at least a partner did not sign the contract

on_contract_executed(contract)

Called after successful contract execution for which the agent is one of the partners.

on_contract_nullified(contract, …)

Called whenever a contract is nullified (because the partner is bankrupt)

on_contract_signed(contract)

Called whenever a contract is signed by all partners

on_contract_signed_(contract)

Called whenever a contract is signed by all partners

on_contracts_finalized(signed, cancelled, …)

Called for all contracts in a single step to inform the agent about which were finally signed and which were rejected by any agents (including itself)

on_event(event, sender)

on_failures(failures)

Called whenever there are failures either in production or in execution of guaranteed transactions

on_neg_request_accepted(req_id, mechanism)

Called when a requested negotiation is accepted

on_neg_request_accepted_(req_id, mechanism)

Called when a requested negotiation is accepted

on_neg_request_rejected(req_id, by)

Called when a requested negotiation is rejected

on_neg_request_rejected_(req_id, by)

Called when a requested negotiation is rejected

on_negotiation_failure(partners, annotation, …)

Called whenever a negotiation ends without agreement

on_negotiation_failure_(partners, …)

Called whenever a negotiation ends without agreement

on_negotiation_success(contract, mechanism)

Called whenever a negotiation ends with agreement

on_negotiation_success_(contract, mechanism)

Called whenever a negotiation ends with agreement

read_config(config[, section])

Reads the configuration from a file or a dict and prepares it for parsing

respond_to_negotiation_request(initiator, …)

Called whenever another agent requests a negotiation with this agent.

respond_to_negotiation_request_(initiator, …)

Called when a negotiation request is received

respond_to_renegotiation_request(contract, …)

Called to respond to a renegotiation request

set_renegotiation_agenda(contract, breaches)

Received by partners in ascending order of their total breach levels in order to set the renegotiation agenda when contract execution fails

sign_all_contracts(contracts)

Called to sign all contracts concluded in a single step by this agent

sign_contract(contract)

Called after the signing delay from contract conclusion to sign the contract.

start_negotiations(product, quantity, …)

Starts a set of negotiations to by/sell the product with the given limits

step()

Every horizon steps, create new negotiations based on external supplies and sales.

step_()

Called at every time-step.

Attributes Documentation

accepted_negotiation_requests

A list of negotiation requests sent to this agent that are already accepted by it.

Remarks:
  • These negotiations did not start yet as they are still not accepted by all partners. Once that happens, they will be moved to running_negotiations

Return type

List[NegotiationInfo]

awi

Gets the Agent-world interface.

Return type

AgentWorldInterface

id

The unique ID of this entity

initialized

Was the agent initialized (i.e. was init_() called)

Return type

bool

name

A convenient name of the entity (intended primarily for printing/logging/debugging).

negotiation_requests

A list of the negotiation requests sent by this agent that are not yet accepted or rejected.

Remarks:
  • These negotiations did not start yet as they are still not accepted by all partners. Once that happens, they will be moved to running_negotiations

Return type

List[NegotiationInfo]

requested_negotiations

The negotiations currently requested by the agent.

Return type

List[NegotiationRequestInfo]

Returns

A list of negotiation request information objects (NegotiationRequestInfo)

running_negotiations

The negotiations currently requested by the agent.

Return type

List[RunningNegotiationInfo]

Returns

A list of negotiation information objects (RunningNegotiationInfo)

short_type_name

Returns a short name of the type of this entity

type_name

Returns the name of the type of this entity

unsigned_contracts

All contracts that are not yet signed.

Return type

List[Contract]

uuid

The unique ID of this entity

Methods Documentation

checkpoint(path, file_name=None, info=None, exist_ok=False, single_checkpoint=True, step_attribs=('current_step', '_current_step', '_Entity__current_step', '_step'))

Saves a checkpoint of the current object at the given path.

Parameters
  • path (Union[Path, str]) – Full path to a directory to store the checkpoint

  • file_name (Optional[str]) – Name of the file to dump into. If not given, a unique name is created

  • info (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) – Information to save with the checkpoint (must be json serializable)

  • exist_ok (bool) – If true, override existing dump

  • single_checkpoint (bool) – If true, keep a single checkpoint for the last step

  • step_attribs (Tuple[str]) – Attributes to represent the time-step of the object. Any of the given attributes will be used in the file name generated if single_checkpoint is False. If single_checkpoint is True, the filename will not contain time-step information

Return type

Path

Returns

full path to the file used to save the checkpoint

classmethod checkpoint_info(file_name)

Returns the information associated with a dump of the object saved in the given file

Parameters

file_name (Union[str, Path]) – Name of the object

Returns:

Return type

Dict[str, Any]

confirm_exogenous_sales(quantities, unit_prices)[source]

Called to confirm the amount of guaranteed sales the agent is willing to accept

Parameters
  • quantities (ndarray) – An n_products vector giving the maximum quantity that can sold (without negotiation)

  • unit_prices (ndarray) – An n_products vector giving the guaranteed unit prices

Return type

ndarray

Returns

An n_products vector specifying the quantities to be sold (up to the given quantities limit).

confirm_exogenous_supplies(quantities, unit_prices)[source]

Called to confirm the amount of guaranteed supplies the agent is willing to accept

Parameters
  • quantities (ndarray) – An n_products vector giving the maximum quantity that can bought (without negotiation)

  • unit_prices (ndarray) – An n_products vector giving the guaranteed unit prices

Return type

ndarray

Returns

An n_products vector specifying the quantities to be bought (up to the given quantities limit).

confirm_production(commands, balance, inventory)

Called just before production starts at every time-step allowing the agent to change what is to be produced in its factory

Parameters
  • commands (ndarray) – an n_lines vector giving the process to be run at every line (NO_COMMAND indicates nothing to be processed

  • balance (int) – The current balance of the factory

  • inventory – an n_products vector giving the number of items available in the inventory of every product type.

Return type

ndarray

Returns

an n_lines vector giving the process to be run at every line (NO_COMMAND indicates nothing to be processed

Remarks:

  • The inventory will contain zero items of all products that the factory does not buy or sell

  • The default behavior is to just retrun commands confirming production of everything.

classmethod create(*args, **kwargs)

Creates an object and returns a proxy to it.

create_negotiation_request(issues, partners, annotation, negotiator, extra)

Creates a new NegotiationRequestInfo record and returns its ID

Parameters
  • issues (List[Issue]) – negotiation issues

  • partners (List[str]) – partners

  • annotation (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) – annotation

  • negotiator (Optional[Negotiator]) – the negotiator to use

  • extra (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) – any extra information

Return type

str

Returns

A unique identifier for this negotiation info structure

abstract create_ufun(is_seller, issues=None, outcomes=None)[source]

Creates a utility function

classmethod from_checkpoint(file_name, return_info=False)

Creates an object from a saved checkpoint

Parameters
  • file_name (Union[str, Path]) –

  • return_info – If True, tbe information saved when the file was dumped are returned

Return type

Union[NamedObject, Tuple[NamedObject, Dict[str, Any]]]

Returns

Either the object or the object and dump-info as a dict (if return_info was true)

Remarks:

  • If info is returned, it is guaranteed to have the following members:
    • time: Dump time

    • type: Type of the dumped object

    • id: ID

    • name: name

classmethod from_config(config, section=None, ignore_children=True, try_parsing_children=True, scope=None)

Creates an object of this class given the configuration info

Parameters
  • config (Union[str, dict]) – Either a file name or a dictionary

  • section (Optional[str]) – A section in the file or a key in the dictionary to use for loading params

  • ignore_children (bool) – If true then children will be ignored and there will be a single return

  • try_parsing_children (bool) – If true the children will first be parsed as ConfigReader classes if they are not

  • types (e.g. int, str, float, Iterable[int|str|float] (simple) –

  • scope – The scope at which to evaluate any child classes. This MUST be passed as scope=globals() if you are

  • any children that are to be parsed. (having) –

Returns

An object of cls if ignore_children is True or a tuple with an object of cls and a dictionary with children that were not parsed.

Remarks:

  • This function will return an object of its class after passing the key-value pairs found in the config to the init function.

  • Requiring passing scope=globals() to this function is to get around the fact that in python eval() will be called with a globals dictionary based on the module in which the function is defined not called. This means that in general when eval() is called to create the children, it will not have access to the class definitions of these children (except if they happen to be imported in this file). To avoid this problem causing an undefined_name exception, the caller must pass her globals() as the scope.

init()[source]

Initializes the agent by finding the average production cost.

init_()

Called to initialize the agent after the world is initialized. the AWI is accessible at this point.

negotiator(is_seller, issues=None, outcomes=None)[source]

Creates a negotiator

Return type

SAONegotiator

notify(notifiable, notification)
on_contract_breached(contract, breaches, resolution)

Called after complete processing of a contract that involved a breach.

Parameters
  • contract (Contract) – The contract

  • breaches (List[Breach]) – All breaches committed (even if they were resolved)

  • resolution (Optional[Contract]) – The resolution contract if re-negotiation was successful. None if not.

Return type

None

on_contract_cancelled(contract, rejectors)

Called whenever at least a partner did not sign the contract

Return type

None

on_contract_cancelled_(contract, rejectors)

Called whenever at least a partner did not sign the contract

Return type

None

on_contract_executed(contract)

Called after successful contract execution for which the agent is one of the partners.

Return type

None

on_contract_nullified(contract, compensation_money, new_quantity)

Called whenever a contract is nullified (because the partner is bankrupt)

Parameters
  • contract (Contract) – The contract being nullified

  • compensation_money (int) – The compensation money that is already added to the agent’s wallet

  • new_quantity (int) – The new quantity that will actually be executed for this contract at its delivery time.

Remarks:

  • compensation_money and new_quantity will never be both nonzero

  • compensation_money and new_quantity may both be zero which means that the contract will be cancelled without compensation

  • compensation_money will be nonzero iff immediate_compensation is enabled for this world

Return type

None

on_contract_signed(contract)

Called whenever a contract is signed by all partners

Return type

None

on_contract_signed_(contract)

Called whenever a contract is signed by all partners

Return type

None

on_contracts_finalized(signed, cancelled, rejectors)[source]

Called for all contracts in a single step to inform the agent about which were finally signed and which were rejected by any agents (including itself)

Parameters
  • signed (List[Contract]) – A list of signed contracts. These are binding

  • cancelled (List[Contract]) – A list of cancelled contracts. These are not binding

  • rejectors (List[List[str]]) – A list of lists where each of the internal lists gives the rejectors of one of the cancelled contracts. Notice that it is possible that this list is empty which means that the contract other than being rejected by any agents (if that was possible in the specific world).

Remarks:

The default implementation is to call on_contract_signed for singed contracts and on_contract_cancelled for cancelled contracts

Return type

None

on_event(event, sender)
on_failures(failures)

Called whenever there are failures either in production or in execution of guaranteed transactions

Parameters

failures (List[Failure]) – A list of Failure s.

Return type

None

on_neg_request_accepted(req_id, mechanism)

Called when a requested negotiation is accepted

on_neg_request_accepted_(req_id, mechanism)

Called when a requested negotiation is accepted

on_neg_request_rejected(req_id, by)

Called when a requested negotiation is rejected

Parameters
  • req_id (str) – The request ID passed to _request_negotiation

  • by (Optional[List[str]]) – A list of agents that refused to participate or None if the failure was for another reason

on_neg_request_rejected_(req_id, by)

Called when a requested negotiation is rejected

Parameters
  • req_id (str) – The request ID passed to _request_negotiation

  • by (Optional[List[str]]) – A list of agents that refused to participate or None if the failure was for another reason

on_negotiation_failure(partners, annotation, mechanism, state)

Called whenever a negotiation ends without agreement

Return type

None

on_negotiation_failure_(partners, annotation, mechanism, state)

Called whenever a negotiation ends without agreement

Return type

None

on_negotiation_success(contract, mechanism)

Called whenever a negotiation ends with agreement

Return type

None

on_negotiation_success_(contract, mechanism)

Called whenever a negotiation ends with agreement

Return type

None

classmethod read_config(config, section=None)

Reads the configuration from a file or a dict and prepares it for parsing

Parameters
  • config (Union[str, dict]) – Either a file name or a dictionary

  • section (Optional[str]) – A section in the file or a key in the dictionary to use for loading params

Return type

Dict[str, Any]

Returns

A dict ready to be parsed by from_config

Remarks:

respond_to_negotiation_request(initiator, issues, annotation, mechanism)[source]

Called whenever another agent requests a negotiation with this agent.

Parameters
  • initiator (str) – The ID of the agent that requested this negotiation

  • issues (List[Issue]) – Negotiation issues

  • annotation (Dict[str, Any]) – Annotation attached with this negotiation

  • mechanism (AgentMechanismInterface) – The AgentMechanismInterface interface to the mechanism to be used for this negotiation.

Return type

Optional[Negotiator]

Returns

None to reject the negotiation, otherwise a negotiator

respond_to_negotiation_request_(initiator, partners, issues, annotation, mechanism, role, req_id)

Called when a negotiation request is received

Return type

Optional[Negotiator]

respond_to_renegotiation_request(contract, breaches, agenda)

Called to respond to a renegotiation request

Parameters
  • agenda (RenegotiationRequest) –

  • contract (Contract) –

  • breaches (List[Breach]) –

Returns:

Return type

Optional[Negotiator]

set_renegotiation_agenda(contract, breaches)

Received by partners in ascending order of their total breach levels in order to set the renegotiation agenda when contract execution fails

Parameters
  • contract (Contract) – The contract being breached

  • breaches (List[Breach]) – All breaches on contract

Return type

Optional[RenegotiationRequest]

Returns

Renegotiation agenda (issues to negotiate about to avoid reporting the breaches).

sign_all_contracts(contracts)[source]

Called to sign all contracts concluded in a single step by this agent

Remarks:

default implementation calls sign_contract for each contract returning the results

Return type

List[Optional[str]]

sign_contract(contract)

Called after the signing delay from contract conclusion to sign the contract. Contracts become binding only after they are signed.

Return type

Optional[str]

start_negotiations(product, quantity, unit_price, time, to_buy)[source]

Starts a set of negotiations to by/sell the product with the given limits

Parameters
  • product (int) – product type. If it is an input product, negotiations to buy it will be started otherweise to sell.

  • quantity (int) – The maximum quantity to negotiate about

  • unit_price (int) – The maximum/minimum unit price for buy/sell

  • time (int) – The maximum/minimum time for buy/sell

  • to_buy (bool) – Is the negotiation to buy or to sell

Remarks:

  • This method assumes that products cannot be in my_input_products and my_output_products

Return type

None

step()[source]

Every horizon steps, create new negotiations based on external supplies and sales.

step_()

Called at every time-step. This function is called directly by the world.